My College Books

Projections Of Line Most Important Diagram The most important diagram showing graphical relations among all important parameters of this topic. Study and memorize it. And use in solving various problems. True length (TL)-a'b,'& ab Angle of TL with hp- θ Angle of TL with VP- Ø Angle of FV with XY- α Angle of TV with XY - β  LTV (length of FV)-component (a-1) LFV (length of TV)- component (a'-1') Position of A- distances of a & a' from XY Position of B-distances of b & b' from XY Distance between end projectors Note this θ & α construct with a' Ø & β construct with a b' & b 1 '  on the locus. b & b 1  on the same locus. also remember True length is never rotated. its horizontal component is drawn & it is further rotated to locate the view. Views are always rotated, made horizontal & further extended to locate TL,θ & Ø Please write comments if you find anything incorrect and if you h...

Problems On Isometric Projections 1 ] Projections of frustum of the pentagonal pyramid are given, draw it's isometric view. Solution Steps: First draw isometric of its base. Then draw the same shape as a top, 60mm above the base pentagon center. Then reduce the top to 20mm sides and join with the proper base corners. 2 ] Projections of a frustum of the cone is given, draw it's isometric view. Solution Steps: First draw isometric of its base. Then draw the same shape as a top, 60mm above the base pentagon center. Then reduce the top to 20mm sides and join with the proper base corners. 3 ] A square pyramid of 30mm base sides and 50mm long axis, is centrally placed on the top of a cube of 50mm long edged. Draw the isometric view of the pair. 4 ] A triangular pyramid of 30 mm base sides and 50 mm long axis, is centrally placed on the top of a cub of 50 mm long edges. Draw the isometric view of the pair.  Solution steps To draw isometric of a cube is simple. dra...

Isometric Drawing Isometric Drawing is a type of pictorial projection in which all three dimensions of an object are shown in one view and if required, Their actual sizes can be measured directly from it. 3D drawing can be drawn in numerous ways as shown below, All these drawings may be called 3 Dimensional drawings, photographic or pictorial drawings. Here no specific relation among H, L & D axes is maintained. Typical Condition In this 3D drawing of an object, In which all three dimensions axes are maintained at equal inclinations with each other. ( 120º ) Now observe below-given drawings. One can note specific inclination among H, L & D axes. Iso means the same, similar or equal. Here one can find dual inclination among H, L & D axes. Each is 120 inclined with the other two. Hence it is called isometric drawing. Some im portant terms Isometric axes, lines, and planes The three lines AL, AD, and AH, meeting at point A and making 120 º angle with each other termed Isometr...

Interpenetration of solids The following cases are solved. refer illustration and note the common construction for all Cylinder to cylinder 2. Sq.prism to cylinder Cone to cylinder Triangular prism to cylinder Sq.prism to sq.prism Sq.prism to sq.prism(skew position) Square prism to cone (from top ) Cylinder to cone Common solution steps One solid will be standing on HP other will penetrate horizontally. Draw three views of standing solid. name views as per the illustrations. Beginning with side view draw three views of penetrating solids also. On its S.V. mark number of points and name those (either letters or nos.) The points which are on standard generators or edges of standing solid, (In S.V.) can be marked on respective generators in FV and TV and other points from SV should be brought to TV first and then projecting upward to FV. The dark and dotted line's decision should be taken by observing the side view from its right side as shown by the arrow. Acc...

Examples On Sections And Developing Of Solid Engineering Application Of Projections Of Solid. 1 ] A pentagonal prism, 30 mm base side & 50 mm axis is standing on hp on its base whose one side is perpendicular to VP. it is cut by a section plane 45 º inclined to hp, through midpoint if axis draw FV, sec.TV & sec. side view. also draw the true shape of section and Development surface of remaining solid. Solution steps: For section views: Draw three views of standing prism. Locate sec. plane in FV as described. Project points where edges are getting cut on TV & SV as shown in the illustration. Join those points in sequence and show section lines in it. Make the remaining part of the solid dark. For True shape: Draw x 1  y 1 || to sec. plane Draw projectors on it from cut points. Mark distance of points of sectioned part from TV, on above projectors from x 1  y 1 , and join in sequence. Draw section lines in it. It is required true shape. For Development: Draw the developmen...